Spout



May 18.19261 1,584,840

' L, CAMMEN SPOUT Original Filed Feb. 17, 1923 Patented May 1a, 1926.

,umrso S-TATES' PATENT OFFICE.

LEON CAMMEN, OF'NEW YORK, N. Y,

- SPO'FT.

Application filed February 17, 1923, Serial No. 618,789. Renewed April 1, 1926.

The present invention refers to spouts for use in centrifugal casting on a horlzontal axis or inclined axis.

In the illustrations,

- 7 Fig. 1 shows a side view of the spout from the slde where the side out out is seen;

kind is merely to deliver the metal to the front end of the mold, relying then on the centrifu al forceit elf-or the shortness of the mol todistribu e the metal lengthwise in the mold. In the second class of spouts the spout is designed so as to assist in and .often control, the distribution of the metal lengthwise in the mold. To thissecond class belong all movable and sliding spouts,

. trough-like spouts extending the entire length of the mold, and long flat led es, likewise extending the entire length of t e mold.

Each kind has to be usedlunder conditions suitable to .it, depending on whether in the given casting the action of centrifugal force is sufiicient to distribute the metal length wise in the mold, or whether this action has to be misted or governed by the spout. The present invention refers. to spouts of the first class.

As shown in Fig. 1, the spout 1 is ge erally sha ed somewhat like a com-cob ipe, the meta bein delivered into the arge orifice 5, and 'scharged from the small end. With this construction, the spout need not project into the mold for a distance geater than a few, say' to 10 in., and even orter spouts may bei'qsed. The characteristic feature of the present invention lies however in the. fact that, instead of ending as usual in a round ipe, the spout, as shown at 2, Fig. 1, andthgig. 3 ends in a ipe in wh ch a small art of the wall has Been cut away, and the ottom slight flattened out, the lane of this flattened part 3 being prefera ly parallel to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the mold. The l of this cut-away section need not be large, the general rule being that it need not be larger than about one and onehalf times the area of the free section at 2-2, Fig. 1 or 7, Fig. 2. It may be also expressed as about twicethe diameter of the free s'ectronf, Fig. 2, the

aim being to favor the discharge of the metal over the ledge 3 without making the cut-away section so long as to weaken it mechanically, and to limit the flow of metal to on y the part next to the main section of the spout, or, as shown in the drawin left hand part of the cut-away section. he advantage of the spout such as shown and set forth in the present specification and drawings, lies in that it prevents excessive splashing of the "metal, and thus permits to obtain a smoother casting. Also, because of the comparative shortness of the spout, it may easily be heated previous to pouring, so as to prevent excessive chilling of the metal as it flows through the ut: with long spouts, such heating might ead to the sagging of metal spouts, and breakage of clay or graphite spouts.

In actual practice it has been found that, especiall w1th metals like [steel having a high me ting point and a small reserve of heat above the melting point, nothing is lgamed by making the islpout longer than is absolutely necessary. e longerthe spout,

the more diflicult 1t is to prevent the chilling of the metal while flowin through it. and formation of skulls in t e spout, and the more the s out becomes subject to breakage. It woul appeartherefore that, in a spout of the first class the open-slot delivery end should under no condit ons exceed onehalf the total length of the spout, except in spouts of very argediameters, where 1t 7 may be as high as thrice the diameter of the smallest section of flow, which is in this case 7 or the section at 2-2.

It might be mentionedin this connection that while two methods of determining the useful length of the open-slot delivery end are here indicated, the result by both methods, if properly applied, ought to be substantially the same, namely, to make the open slot delivery end of such size as to per. mit the entire charge of metal to discharge over the ledge 3, i. e. edgewise, rather than flow over2, i. e. lengthwise. It is obvious that there is no advantage in makingtheledge 3, and hence open-slot delivery end,

lon r than is necessary to ensure such a disc arge, because any execs of the length 5 of ledge 3- which does ,notassit in the charge, is not only useless, but harmful, as it increases the absorption of heat from the metal by the spout, and also the chances of breakage in the spout. 4

I claim:

1. A spout for centrifugal casting wherein a part of the wall, for a distance less than one half the total length of the spout, is cut away, near the delivery end.

2. A spout for centrifu a1 casting whereing a part of the wall, gr a distance less than thrice the diameter of the smallest sectioi of flow, is cut away near the delivery on 3. A spout for centrifugal casting wherein near the delivery end a part of the wall, for a distance less than one half the total length of the spout, is cut away, and the bottom of the discharge runner is made substantially flat.

4. A spout for centrifugal casting wherein near the delivery end a part of the wall, for a distance less than thrice the diameter of the smallest section of flow, is cut away, and the bottom of the discharge runner is made substantially flat.

Signed in New York, in the county and State of New York, February 9, A. D.

LEON CAMMEN. 

